Level APerceivable
1.2.1

Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded)

Audio with no video needs a transcript, and silent video needs a text or audio description of what's shown.

In plain English

Not all media has both sound and picture. Sometimes it is audio only (a podcast, an audio message) and sometimes it is video only (a silent looping clip showing a product spin). Each leaves someone out:

  • Audio only shuts out deaf and hard-of-hearing people, so provide a transcript.
  • Silent video shuts out blind people, so provide a text description (or an audio track that narrates it).

Who this is for

  • Deaf and hard-of-hearing people, who need audio content as text.
  • Blind and low-vision people, who need silent visuals described.

How to check and fix it yourself

List your audio-only and silent-video content and give each the missing piece:

Podcast episode (audio only)   → add a text transcript on the page.     ✓
Silent "how it works" loop     → add a short caption/description below.  ✓
Purely decorative motion       → no action needed (conveys nothing).

A transcript is just the spoken words typed out; a video description is a couple of sentences on what the clip shows.

Where we can help

We identify every audio-only and video-only item on your store and tell you exactly what each needs (transcript vs description), so nothing important is locked to one sense. See also our captions and ADA guide.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Frequently asked questions

What does this criterion cover?+

Success Criterion 1.2.1 (Level A) covers two cases: audio-only content (like a podcast episode with no video) needs a text transcript, and video-only content (a silent clip, like a looping product animation) needs a text description or an audio track describing what happens.

What's the difference between this and captions?+

Captions (1.2.2) are for video that has both picture and sound. This criterion is for media with only one: audio alone, or silent video alone. Audio-only needs a transcript; video-only needs a description.

Does a silent auto-playing product loop need anything?+

If it conveys information (showing how a product works), yes, provide a short text description nearby. If it is purely decorative and conveys nothing, it is exempt, the same way decorative images are.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

Not sure if your store passes 1.2.1?

A human auditor checks this and every other criterion against your live store, and documents the result.

Book an audit