Level APerceivable
1.2.2

Captions (Prerecorded)

Videos with sound need captions, so people who are deaf or hard of hearing can follow along.

In plain English

If your store has videos with sound, product demos, brand stories, tutorials, people who are deaf or hard of hearing need the words as text. That is what captions are: the dialogue and important sounds, shown on the video in time with what is happening.

Captions also help the roughly everyone who watches videos on mute (in bed, at work, on a train), so they are good for conversion too, not just compliance.

Who this is for

  • Deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers, who rely on captions to follow the video.
  • Anyone watching with the sound off, which is most people, most of the time.
  • Non-native speakers, who read along to catch what they miss.

How to check and fix it yourself

For each video with audio, turn the sound off and try to follow it. If you cannot, it needs captions. Options:

  • On YouTube or Vimeo, upload a caption file or use auto-captions and then edit them for accuracy.
  • For self-hosted HTML5 video, add a captions track:
<video controls>
  <source src="demo.mp4" type="video/mp4">
  <track kind="captions" src="demo.en.vtt" srclang="en" label="English" default>
</video>

Where we can help

We flag every video on your store that is missing captions (or has sloppy auto-captions), and point you to the quickest way to add accurate ones. It pairs with our guide on video captions and ADA compliance.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Common mistakes

Patterns the W3C lists as failures of this criterion. Avoid these.

Frequently asked questions

What does captions (prerecorded) require?+

Success Criterion 1.2.2 (Level A) says prerecorded video that has audio must have captions, so the spoken words and important sounds are available as text for people who are deaf or hard of hearing.

Do captions and a transcript count as the same thing?+

No. Captions are timed and appear on the video in sync with the audio (this criterion). A transcript is a separate text version. For video with audio you need captions; transcripts help but do not replace captions here.

Are auto-generated captions good enough?+

Auto-captions are a starting point, but they are often wrong on names, products, and punctuation. Review and correct them. Inaccurate captions can be as confusing as none, so accuracy matters.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

Not sure if your store passes 1.2.2?

A human auditor checks this and every other criterion against your live store, and documents the result.

Book an audit