Level APerceivable
1.2.3

Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded)

For video, blind viewers need the important visual details covered, either by an audio description or a full text alternative.

In plain English

Captions cover what is said. But a video also shows things a blind viewer cannot hear: a gesture, an on-screen number, a product detail the narrator does not mention. This rule fills that gap. You either add an audio description (narration in the pauses that describes the key visuals) or provide a full text alternative that covers both the words and the important visuals.

Who this is for

  • Blind and low-vision viewers, who hear the audio but miss the picture.

How to check and fix it yourself

Watch your video with your eyes closed. Did you miss anything important that was only shown, not said? If so, it needs description. The simplest route for most stores:

Short product video → add a full text alternative on the page that
  covers both the narration and the key visuals.                    ✓
More produced video → add an audio-described version.               ✓

If your narration already describes everything on screen (“here is the navy version, with the waterproof zip”), you may already meet it.

Where we can help

We review your videos and tell you which actually need description (many narration-heavy ones already cover the visuals) and the lightest way to comply. See our captions and ADA guide for the bigger picture on media.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Frequently asked questions

What does this criterion require?+

Success Criterion 1.2.3 (Level A) says prerecorded video needs either an audio description of the important visual details, or a full text alternative (a transcript that covers both what is said and what is shown). At Level A you can choose whichever you provide.

What is an audio description?+

It is extra narration, played in the gaps between dialogue, that describes key visual information a blind viewer would otherwise miss, for example 'she points to the waterproof zip'. It fills in what the picture shows but the soundtrack doesn't say.

Can I just provide a transcript instead?+

Yes, at Level A a full text alternative that includes the visual information satisfies this. Note that Level AA (1.2.5) specifically requires audio description, so if you are aiming for AA, plan for described video.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

Not sure if your store passes 1.2.3?

A human auditor checks this and every other criterion against your live store, and documents the result.

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