Level AAAPerceivable
1.2.8

Media Alternative (Prerecorded)

Provide a full text version of prerecorded video, so it can be read instead of watched or heard.

In plain English

This AAA rule asks for a full text version of your video: not just the spoken words, but also a description of what happens on screen, written so someone can read the whole thing without watching or listening. Think of it as a rich transcript with scene descriptions.

The standout beneficiaries are people who are both deaf and blind, who read via a braille display and cannot use audio or video at all.

Who this is for

  • Deaf-blind people using a braille display.
  • Anyone who prefers to read rather than watch a video.

How to check and fix it yourself

For your key prerecorded videos, write a text document that combines the dialogue with descriptions of the visuals, and link it right next to the video.

Video → a "Read the full transcript" link beside it →
        text of all speech + descriptions of on-screen action.  ✓

Where we can help

We check which videos carry a full text alternative and which only have captions, and note where a rich transcript would close the gap (and help your SEO, since search engines read that text). Media coverage is part of a full self-check.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Frequently asked questions

What does media alternative (prerecorded) require?+

Success Criterion 1.2.8 (Level AAA) says prerecorded video (with audio) should have a full text alternative: a document that captures all the dialogue and describes the visual action, so someone can read the whole thing instead of watching.

How is this different from a caption file?+

Captions sync with the video and cover speech and sounds. A media alternative is a standalone text document that also narrates the visuals, readable on its own without playing the video. It is closer to a rich transcript with scene descriptions.

Who benefits most?+

People who are both deaf and blind and use a braille display, who can read the text alternative but cannot use audio or video. It also helps anyone who would simply rather read than watch.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

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