Level AAPerceivableNew in 2.1
1.4.12

Text Spacing

If someone increases line height or letter/word spacing to read more easily, your content must not break or get cut off.

In plain English

People with dyslexia or low vision often loosen up text, more space between lines, letters, and words, because it genuinely helps them read. This rule says your page must cope with that: when someone increases spacing, nothing should get cut off, overlap, or disappear.

The failures look just like the resize-text ones: fixed-height boxes that clip their contents the moment the text needs a bit more room.

Who this is for

  • People with dyslexia, who space text out to read it comfortably.
  • Low-vision users, who combine spacing with zoom.

How to check and fix it yourself

Use a “text spacing” bookmarklet or browser tool to apply the WCAG spacing values, then look for clipped or overlapping text, especially in buttons, badges, cards, and nav. Fix by letting containers grow instead of locking their height:

/* Good: height grows with content */
.button, .badge { min-height: 2.75em; height: auto; overflow: visible; }

Where we can help

Text-spacing breakage is invisible until you apply the override and look, which is part of our audit. We flag every element that clips or overlaps and point to the container fix. It pairs with reflow and resize issues on the common failures list.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Frequently asked questions

What does text spacing require?+

Success Criterion 1.4.12 (Level AA, added in WCAG 2.1) says that when a user overrides text spacing (line height to 1.5x the font size, paragraph spacing to 2x, letter spacing to 0.12em, word spacing to 0.16em), no content or functionality is lost. Text must not get cut off or overlap.

Who changes text spacing?+

People with dyslexia and low vision often use browser tools or extensions to increase spacing, which genuinely helps them read. Your layout has to survive that instead of clipping or overlapping.

What breaks this?+

Fixed-height buttons and boxes that clip their text, and layouts that rely on text being exactly one size. When spacing increases, the text needs more room; if the container can't grow, it gets chopped.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

Not sure if your store passes 1.4.12?

A human auditor checks this and every other criterion against your live store, and documents the result.

Book an audit