Level APerceivable
1.4.2

Audio Control

If sound plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, give people an easy way to pause, stop, or mute it.

In plain English

Sound that starts on its own, an auto-playing video with audio, a background track, is more than annoying. For a screen-reader user it is a disaster: it plays over the top of the screen reader’s voice, so they cannot hear the software they rely on to use your site at all. This rule says: if audio auto-plays for more than 3 seconds, give people an easy way to stop or mute it.

The cleanest answer is simply not to auto-play sound.

Who this is for

  • Screen-reader users, whose software is drowned out by auto-playing audio.
  • People with attention or cognitive differences, who are derailed by unexpected sound.
  • Everyone, who dislikes surprise noise.

How to check and fix it yourself

Load your pages fresh. Does anything make noise on its own? If so, either stop it auto-playing or add a clear control.

Best:   videos and audio start muted / on press-play.        ✓
OK:     an obvious mute/pause control at the top of the page. ✓
Fail:   background audio plays with no way to stop it.        ✗

Where we can help

Auto-play often sneaks in through hero videos or third-party widgets. We catch anything that makes noise unprompted and tell you how to mute or gate it. It is a classic entry on the common failures list.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Common mistakes

Patterns the W3C lists as failures of this criterion. Avoid these.

Frequently asked questions

What does audio control require?+

Success Criterion 1.4.2 (Level A) says that if any audio plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, there must be a way to pause or stop it, or to control its volume separately from the system volume.

Why is auto-playing audio a problem?+

It talks over screen readers, so a blind user can't hear their own software. It also startles and distracts people with cognitive or attention differences, and annoys everyone. The user, not the site, should decide when sound plays.

What's the simplest way to comply?+

Best: don't auto-play sound at all, let people press play. If you must, keep it under 3 seconds, or provide an obvious pause/mute control right at the top of the page.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

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