Level AAAOperableNew in 2.2
2.4.13

Focus Appearance

The keyboard focus outline must be big enough and high-contrast enough to actually notice.

In plain English

Level AA (2.4.7) only asks that a keyboard focus indicator exists. This AAA rule adds quality standards so the indicator is actually easy to see: think of it as an outline at least 2px thick, wrapping the control, with strong (3:1) contrast against the unfocused state.

The most common way people fail this is by deleting the browser’s default outline in CSS (outline: none) and either replacing it with something faint or nothing at all.

Who this is for

  • Keyboard-only users, who need to see where they are on the page.
  • Low-vision users, for whom a thin, low-contrast outline is invisible.

How to check and fix it yourself

Tab through your page and check the highlight on each control is thick and obvious. Never ship outline: none without a strong replacement.

/* a clear, compliant focus indicator */
:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid #1b4dff;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

Where we can help

We tab your store and rate each focus indicator against the size-and-contrast bar, flagging faint outlines and any outline: none with no replacement. It is one of the new WCAG 2.2 items and a frequent common failure.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Frequently asked questions

What does focus appearance require?+

Success Criterion 2.4.13 (Level AAA, new in WCAG 2.2) sets a minimum quality for the keyboard focus indicator: it must be at least as large as a 2px-thick outline around the control, and have at least 3:1 contrast between its focused and unfocused states.

How is it different from 2.4.7 Focus Visible?+

2.4.7 (Level AA) just requires that some focus indicator exists. 2.4.13 (AAA) adds measurable quality: the indicator must be a certain minimum size and contrast, so a faint 1px outline that technically exists but is hard to see would pass 2.4.7 but fail 2.4.13.

What's the easiest way to comply?+

Don't remove the browser's default outline, and if you restyle it, use a solid outline of at least 2px in a colour that contrasts 3:1 with the background, plus a little offset so it stands off the control.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

Not sure if your store passes 2.4.13?

A human auditor checks this and every other criterion against your live store, and documents the result.

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