Level AAOperable
2.4.5

Multiple Ways

Give people more than one way to find things, like a menu plus a search box or a sitemap.

In plain English

Different people find things in different ways. Some browse the menu, some type in the search box, some scan a sitemap or click a “related products” link. This rule says: offer at least two ways to reach your pages. For a store, that is usually a navigation menu plus a search box, which most already have.

Who this is for

  • Screen-reader users, who often prefer search or a sitemap to tabbing through menus.
  • People with cognitive differences, who may find one navigation style much easier than another.
  • Everyone, who has a preferred way to get around.

How to check and fix it yourself

Ask: can a shopper reach a product page in more than one way? Typically yes if you have both:

A category/nav menu        ✓
+ a working search box      ✓
(and/or related-product links, a footer sitemap)

If you only have a menu and no search, adding search (or a sitemap) covers it.

Where we can help

Most stores already pass this, but it is worth confirming search works and is reachable by keyboard and screen reader. We verify the routes are genuinely usable, not just present. It sits with other navigation checks on the common failures list.

How to meet it

Techniques the W3C accepts as sufficient (summarized). Follow a link for the full method.

Frequently asked questions

What does multiple ways require?+

Success Criterion 2.4.5 (Level AA) says there must be more than one way to locate a page within the site, unless the page is a step in a process. Common pairs are a navigation menu plus a search box, category links plus a sitemap, and so on.

Why offer more than one way?+

People navigate differently. Some browse menus, some go straight to search, some scan a sitemap or follow related links. Providing at least two routes means everyone can find what they need in the way that suits them.

Are there exceptions?+

Yes. Pages that are a step within a process (like a checkout step) are exempt, because forcing multiple ways in or out of a linear flow would be confusing. It applies to the general findability of pages, not process steps.

Reference

This is a plain-language explainer. The authoritative source is the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2.

WCAG 2.2 © W3C. Excerpts are paraphrased; see the linked documents for the normative text.

Not sure if your store passes 2.4.5?

A human auditor checks this and every other criterion against your live store, and documents the result.

Book an audit